In recent years, the domestic new energy vehicle market has been developing very hot. At present, most of the new energy models on the market are pure electric or hybrid, which makes many people think that only these two types of cars are new energy vehicles. So, what are the classifications of electric vehicles?
1. BEV (battery electric vehicle), for convenience and easy to remember, often directly called EV.
The power of EV models all comes from batteries. In simple terms, it only relies on power batteries and drive motors to provide power for the vehicle to drive. It is mainly composed of chassis, body, power battery, drive motor, electrical equipment and other auxiliary systems.
Advantages: zero emissions, no pollution (except for bad power batteries), no noise, energy saving and money saving.
Disadvantages: The cruising range does not meet the expected standards, and it is expensive and takes a long time to charge compared to the same grade of fuel vehicles.
2. HEV (hybrid electric vehicle)
The main power source of HEV models is still fuel, but an electric drive system is added to the original traditional car drive system for hybrid drive to reduce the demand for fuel. Generally, the car is driven by the motor at the start stage. When the speed is up, the engine and the motor will work together to drive the car, which can effectively reduce the average fuel consumption of the vehicle. At the same time, when braking or going downhill, it has a braking energy feedback system that can charge the battery to achieve the purpose of energy circulation.
Advantages: Compared with traditional cars, the internal combustion engine always works at the best working conditions, so the fuel consumption is very low. And the small battery pack makes the cost lower than that of pure electric vehicles. The two systems complement each other and are used together.
Disadvantages: expensive price, small subsidies, cannot hang green license plates, short pure electric mileage, high maintenance costs (two systems).
3. PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle)
PHEV is actually a kind of hybrid electric vehicle. The reason why it is singled out is that it can enjoy many subsidy policies in China. It also has an internal combustion engine and a generator. The main power source is the internal combustion engine as the main power source and the motor assists the drive to operate. Moreover, the battery capacity of the plug-in hybrid vehicle is larger than that of the oil hybrid, and it can be charged externally, so it can travel in pure electric mode.
Advantages: Energy saving, environmental protection, low pollution, can be used as a pure electric vehicle alone. Compared with pure electric vehicles, it will not make people have mileage anxiety problems, because it has an additional power system, which can make the car more powerful and travel farther.
Disadvantages: Charging piles need to be installed.
4. REEV (range-extended electric vehicle)
As mentioned earlier, BEV pure electric vehicles drive the motor through the battery to drive the vehicle, and the same is true for REEV models. The difference is that REEV also has an internal combustion engine system, which will start the internal combustion engine to charge the battery when the battery is out of power, and will continue to drive the vehicle after the battery is full.
Advantages: Very low fuel consumption, because the engine is only responsible for charging, only a small-displacement engine is needed to complete the task. The endurance is guaranteed and can enjoy government subsidies for exemption from purchase tax.
Disadvantages: Extended-range electric vehicles have high fuel consumption under high-speed conditions. Because under high-speed conditions, if the engine directly drives the wheels, it can always work in the best working mode, while the extended-range plug-in hybrid has an additional conversion process, and the conversion itself consumes energy, resulting in high fuel consumption.
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